#FactCheck -Viral Video Falsely Linked to Baramati Plane Crash Involving Ajit Pawar

Introduction

As AI becomes more deeply integrated into everyday life and industries, Google Cloud is increasing its investment in AI-ready data centres worldwide, with India emerging as a key part of its expansion plans. Thomas Kurian’s latest India visit highlighted Google Cloud’s expanding ambitions in the country. Beyond the $15 billion, 1GW Visakhapatnam data centre announced in October 2025, Google is planning a larger multi-year AI infrastructure push, backed by partnerships with major enterprises across banking, healthcare, and digital services. This reflects a shift where countries are not only competing to create advanced AI technologies but also to build the infrastructure needed to support and lead the future AI economy. But it's worth being precise about what "building infrastructure" actually means here because it is private, foreign-headquartered capital constructing facilities on Indian soil, under terms that remain largely opaque to the public that will depend on them. That distinction matters more than the investment headline suggests.

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The Promise and Pressure of Google’s Full-Stack AI Strategy
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For decades, data centres were mainly built to store information, host websites, and support cloud applications. The rise of generative AI has completely changed that role. Today's systems need massive computing power both to train models on huge datasets and to run them every time someone generates content or automates a task. It is distinguished from traditional workloads mainly due to relying on proprietary technologies like GPU or TPU, alongside advanced networking and dynamic storage systems that complement each other and work in unison. The efforts of Google to create its own TPUs are understandable as they played a vital role in a number of achievements made by Google DeepMind. Today, the companies, government entities, and people turning to AI solutions put enormous pressure on the processing of data.

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The companies that are building this infrastructure are shaping ecosystems on which others will depend on. Google’s “full stack” approach that infers controlling everything from chips and AI models to cloud platforms and applications which may improve efficiency and reduce costs, but it also creates deeper dependence on a single provider. Like a hospital adopting an AI platform is not just purchasing software; over time, its data systems, workflows, and operations can become closely tied to the underlying cloud ecosystem.

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This concern when viewed against the concentration of the global cloud market: Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud together control roughly two-thirds of global cloud infrastructure, making them the dominant gatekeepers of enterprise computing. As these same companies move upward into AI models and applications while controlling the compute layer beneath them, the debate is no longer only about market share, it is about control over the entire AI value chain.
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Why Location Matters and Why It Isn't Enough
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In traditional internet services, a delay of a few milliseconds rarely mattered. However, future AI applications like autonomous vehicles, AI-assisted diagnostics, automated factory robotics will demand near-instant decision-making and cannot always depend on servers thousands of kilometres away. Regional data centres reduce that latency, which matters especially for India, where hundreds of millions are expected to interact with AI-powered services in the coming years. There is also the question of data sovereignty, and this is where the infrastructure narrative gets ahead of the regulatory reality. Governments worldwide are increasingly concerned about where citizens' and companies' data is stored and processed and local data centres are presented as the answer, but physical proximity does not automatically translate into legal accountability. Google has acknowledged that it bills cloud revenue through whichever global entity corresponds to the data centre being accessed which means an Indian client's spending on Google Cloud infrastructure inside India may still not be booked, taxed, or contractually governed as an Indian transaction. Google Cloud India Pvt. Ltd reported just ₹2,065.4 crore in FY25 revenue, strikingly disconnected from the scale of a $15 billion facility and its roster of major Indian clients. Servers on Indian soil do not by themselves guarantee that India captures the tax base, the leverage, or the oversight that "data sovereignty" implies.

This gap is widened by where India's own data protection framework stands. The Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act, 2023 leaves retention periods and purpose limitation loosely specified under Sections 8(7) and 12, and its enforcement rules are still being finalised. When hospitals or banks process data through a foundation-model platform like Gemini Enterprise, questions like where processing occurs and what audit trail exists for cross-border flows are not resolved by a local data centre's presence. At present, they rely mostly on vendor assurance rather than independent verification.
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Economic Opportunities: More Than Just Servers
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AI data centres are often imagined as buildings filled with computers, but their economic impact extends further, into energy systems, construction, engineering, semiconductor supply chains, and skilled technical work. Countries hosting these facilities can benefit from investment and job creation, while local businesses gain access to AI tools without building expensive infrastructure of their own.

For India, expanded AI infrastructure could support ambitions to become a global technology hub, and could narrow the gap in access to high-performance computing that has historically disadvantaged smaller companies and researchers. That potential is real. But it should be weighed against the terms on which it arrives, whether the economic value generated is captured domestically through tax revenue and enforceable local accountability, or whether India functions primarily as a hosting site while value accrues elsewhere. The current revenue-booking structure suggests the latter is, at minimum, a live risk rather than a settled question. 

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The Environmental Challenge of AI Expansion
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However, what remains less discussed is the environmental cost behind this expansion from its impact on the power grid and water required for cooling to clearing use of renewable energy. A 1GW facility, the scale for the Visakhapatnam project is comparable to the output of a mid-sized power plant dedicated entirely to compute demand. As models grow larger and adoption accelerates, this level of energy and water consumption has become one of the central concerns of the global AI infra. As much attention as the investment figures receive, the sustainability issue behind such large-scale infrastructure deserves equal visibility.

The Future: AI Infrastructure as National Infrastructure
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The expansion of Google Cloud's AI data centres show a change in how the world views computing. Data centres are no longer invisible facilities operating in the background; they are becoming strategic infrastructure comparable to power grids and telecom networks. That comparison should prompt that infrastructure this consequential is usually made subject to public oversight, licensing conditions, and accountability mechanisms proportionate to its importance which is missing so far. Google Cloud's investment and the compute capacity it brings will lower barriers for Indian enterprises and researchers who have long lacked access to frontier-scale infrastructure. Against this backdrop, India needs to develop the regulatory, tax, and competition frameworks to ensure that the foundation serves the country hosting it, rather than the company that owns it.
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Beyond Compute: The Emerging Question of AI Sovereignty
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The next phase of the AI race may not be defined only by who builds the most capable models, but by who governs the infrastructure, standards, and decision making systems that those models depend upon. As advances in artificial general intelligence and discussions around superintelligence move from research laboratories into policy circles, control over compute resources is becoming a matter of strategic importance comparable to control over energy reserves or communication networks. Nations that rely entirely on external providers for advanced AI infrastructure may eventually find themselves dependent not merely for technology services, but for economic productivity, public administration, healthcare delivery, and national security capabilities. For India, the challenge is therefore larger than attracting investment. It is about ensuring meaningful domestic participation in ownership, governance, talent development, and oversight so that the intelligence systems shaping the future remain aligned with national priorities and public interest.

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References
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1. https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/google-will-set-up-more-ai-data-centres-in-india-as-demand-grows-says-cloud-business-ceo-thomas-kurian-11783422758078.html 

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Introduction

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In today’s digital environment, national security challenges extend well beyond traditional military domains. One growing concern is the unauthorised extraction of information, which is increasingly being used through subtle and gradual methods rather than overt force. Recent advisories point to a rising pattern in which foreign organisations seek to recruit individuals to collect and handle sensitive material, often using financial cybercrime networks as part of their operational ecosystem. This trend has implications for journalists, defence personnel, researchers, students, and academics working in strategic, geopolitical, and security-related fields. The core risk lies in the fact that these activities can proceed quietly and without coercion, with participants sometimes unaware that their actions may contribute to intelligence gathering efforts.

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Digital Platforms as Vectors for Targeted Recruitment

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Professional networking and job portals have become central to modern career development. The same visibility that supports professional advancement is being misused by others. Foreign entities reportedly use these platforms to identify individuals with experience in journalism, defence services, strategic studies, cybersecurity, and international relations.

Early-career professionals and students from reputed Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are particularly vulnerable because they seek freelance work, research experience and international partnerships. Initial outreach is often framed as legitimate consultancy, research assistance, or content development work, which creates the impression of professional credibility through normal business operations.

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Task-Based Information Extraction

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The organisation assigns writing and research duties to new employees, which seem simple to perform. The topics of source-based articles and analytical pieces include the following two subjects about India.

• The first subject examines India's foreign relations with its strategic partnerships.
• The second subject investigates how armed forces operate through different military movements.
• The third subject focuses on defence procurement activities, which include weapon system development and modernisation projects.
• The fourth subject investigates military activities through joint training exercises and war simulation exercises.

The public possesses most of this knowledge, but its threat emerges from the process of collecting and interpreting data with contextual information. The collection of insights from various sources enables organisations to identify operational patterns, strategic priorities and capacity evaluations which go beyond particular data points.

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The Financial Cybercrime Nexus

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The financial system that pays contributors presents itself as a major problem for this activity. Payments are often routed through:

• Indian bank accounts, including student accounts
• Funds originating from cyber fraud or financial crimes
• Occasional overseas transfers structured to avoid scrutiny

The system establishes a direct connection between financial cybercrime activities and the theft of confidential information, which brings unintentional danger of legal issues and public image damage to those involved. The Indian legal system considers all connections to illegal financial activities as serious offenses even when the person involved did not intend to commit any crime.

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Concealed Identities and Data Harvesting
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The entities that conduct recruitment activities willfully hide their real identities. The organisation uses intermediaries for their operations, which they present as foreign consulting firms, think tanks and analytics companies. Contributors who have defence or security experience will face requests to provide their personal data, which includes their PAN and Aadhaar information.

The collection of such data raises significant concerns. The system creates permanent privacy hazards that permit unauthorised access to personal data and identity theft and coercive practices. The ultimate use of this information often remains opaque to the individuals providing it.
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Why Incremental Leakage Matters
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The threat operates silently because it lacks the visibility of major cyberattacks. The combined effect of all articles and research notes becomes dangerous because no single element can cause harm. Hostile organisations can use incremental information leakage to undermine national security because they can analyse their gathered data to create:

• maps of strategic capabilities,
• defence readiness evaluations,
• security and foreign policy narrative control.

The process of information sovereignty erosion occurs through the establishment of undefined boundaries between journalism and academic research, and consultancy and strategic analysis. The lack of clear boundaries between journalism and academic research, consultancy and strategic analysis makes it difficult to determine who is responsible for research outcomes.
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The Role of Institutions and Individuals
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The universities and media outlets, together with the professional organizations have essential functions in their quest to diminish environmental effects. The organisation should perform the following proactive steps:

• The organisation should organise training programs which will educate people about its services.
• The organisation should require researchers to conduct thorough investigations before they accept paid assignments for research work and writing tasks.
• The organisation should recommend that people do not share their identity documents except when their institution requires it for authentication purposes.
• The organisation should create specific methods to report any suspicious activities that people might encounter.

Students and professionals need to understand that their specialised knowledge and trustworthiness can be used against them. People must protect their digital identities through three actions, which include verifying their affiliations and assessing the complete effects of their daily activities.
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Conclusion

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Cyber enabled threats to national security increasingly operate in grey zones, which makes their legality, legitimacy, and true intent difficult to assess. The convergence of foreign recruitment efforts, financial cybercrime, and covert information gathering creates a persistent risk that is still not widely recognised or fully understood. The state does not bear exclusive responsibility for protecting sensitive information. National resilience in an interconnected knowledge economy requires organisations to develop three core capacities, which include institutional awareness and restraint and institutional vigilance. Cyber resilience depends on two essential factors, which include secure systems and informed citizens, because data continues to determine power relationships.
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References
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• https://reports.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Cybersecurity_Outlook_2025.pdf
• https://www.cyber-espionage.ch/
• https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/nov/18/mi5-issues-alert-to-mps-and-peers-over-chinese-espionage
• http://cybercrimejournal.com/menuscript/index.php/cybercrimejournal/article/download/263/92
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/368461675_Cyber_Espionage_Consequences_as_a_Growing_Threat

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Introduction

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With the advent of cloud computing, new information and asset delivery avenues have become possible, including Infrastructure-as-a-Service, Platform-as-a-Service, and Software-as-a-Service. With this change, the conventional paradigm of "computer as a product" is replaced with "computing as a service," which is provided to customers via the internet by big data warehouses or the cloud. Additionally, it has brought about an essential shift in how organisations function, allowing them to access computer tools and services online instead of needing to construct and manage their IT systems. As a result, organizations are now more agile, scalable, and efficient and can react swiftly to shifting consumer demands and market situations.

The Growth of Remote and Hybrid Workspaces

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Hybrid and remote workplaces are becoming more popular post-pandemic era. Many businesses have used regional workplace solutions to manage a more scattered workforce. IT departments are put in a difficult position since they have to make sure that branch office staff and remote workers can access the information they require safely and dependably. VPNs and Direct Internet Access links are becoming more and more popular, thus IT professionals are coming up with innovative ways for connecting distant locations to the main office while protecting the confidentiality of information.

User Portability

‍The widespread use of mobile devices for work, along with the growing Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) culture, has significantly contributed to the rise of remote work and flexible work environments. Employees can now connect to corporate systems using either personal or company-issued devices through secure methods such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) or cloud-based platforms. This has made teleworking, work-from-home setups, and flexible work hours increasingly common and practical, allowing for greater productivity and work-life balance.

Growing Volume of Traffic

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Professionals in the modern workplace must have access to private apps stored in a data centre or a multi-cloud setup. Nevertheless, these programs might not always be easily accessible from branch offices or by remote workers and staff members might not have instant support for IT. Organizations must discover solutions to this problem so that remote workers may consistently and dependably access company resources while also making the most of their current assets. It is important to note that employees need reliable and secure ways to access their work tools from anywhere, just like they would in the office.

Battling Networking and Security Issues in a Post-Pandemic Setting

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While many businesses have successfully adopted a cloud-first approach for new system implementations or have deployed specific Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) solutions, many are still struggling to fully reap the benefits of moving most or all of their business software to the cloud.

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• Conventional IT frameworks allowed for the creation of the present company applications. Because of this, these applications are frequently inflexible and configured for fixed capacity across a limited number of data facilities. Certain organizations could lack the elements required to oversee an entire cloud migration. This could be the result of things like an affinity for on-premises systems, aversion to alteration, or a lack of experience with cloud systems. 
• Although cloud computing might be a cost-effective solution for some workloads, it might not be the best choice overall. Running certain applications in a combination of cloud services or on-premises may be more cost-effective. 
• Particularly if they are regionally distributed, workloads requiring high connection speeds or low latency may not be ideal for cloud computing.
• If a corporation lacks authority over the servers in the cloud, it may be concerned about the integrity of its data stored there. Consequently, they would rather keep it inside their data facilities.
• Firms may be restricted in their ability to migrate some types of information to the cloud by legal or compliance regulations. 

Networking and Cybersecurity Consolidation: Handling Present Risks

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In the past, protecting a network required establishing boundaries and keeping an eye on communication between recognized devices. However, it is now required for a network's components to work together as a cohesive system due to shifting expectations. To do this, flexible network pieces must be able to communicate with one another while also protecting workflows, apps, and payments that move across different devices. The current problem is to effortlessly combine security with network capabilities and connection so that data can flow between constantly moving devices while being inspected, encrypted, and subject to regulation.

Infrastructure and security personnel must update their methods and equipment to better meet these constraints to deliver reliable, efficient, and trustworthy access across users, apps, and regions within an enterprise. Inevitably, networking and safety will eventually merge for improved organizational alignment.

Businesses may stay ahead of the competition in attracting top people in an increasingly diverse and cost-effective workplace by integrating a virtual and physical workforce. The future of security solutions lies in consolidation and platformisation; a cloud-centric Secure Access Service Edge (SASE) the capacity offering paired with network edge capabilities like secured Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN) can improve and automate the safety measures of the company while also cutting down on the complexity and expense of managing disparate point remedies.

Safe Networking: Moving Towards This Phenomenon and Concentration of Cybersecurity

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Companies relying on conventional networking models often face challenges in securing modern elements, such as cloud-based applications, remote users, mobile devices, and distributed locations, because traditional networks were not designed with these factors in mind. A robust networking strategy integrates both safety and networking into one system to get around these problems. It enhances security posture and network performance. It improves the user's experience and lessens the complexities of management. It is important to combine point product providers into a risk management platform rather than implementing safety measures one at a time. Tighter cooperation, greater efficiency, and a quicker, better-coordinated reaction to network threats are made possible by this.

SASE: A Coordinated Method

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Secure Access Service Edge (SASE) is a cloud-based architecture that offers security and networking solutions as needed and unites all edges into a single logical connection.

SASE drivers

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Conventional safety measures are ill-suited to deal with the more dispersed and complicated IT environment brought about by the advent of the Internet of Things, edge computing, and telecommuting. Using SASE, security and network services may be accessed from the cloud, eliminating the need to backhaul traffic to a single data centre for safety assessment.

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• Distant user traffic assessment and blind spots presented difficulties for companies.
• Full oversight over hybrid network operations is provided by SASE technology, which provides network services including FWaaS, SWG, DLP, and CASB.
• Issues around abnormal port usage and policy violations have arisen as more customers access SaaS apps from different gadgets and regions.
• SASE technology reduces the cost of hiring IT staff by combining safe access to resources from one supplier.
• SASE technology consolidates secure accessibility capabilities from one vendor, hence lowering the cost of hiring IT workers.
• One major benefit of SASE technology is its ease of administration. Even when overseeing multiple offices inside a corporate network, the IT department's job is minimized because a single cloud-based administrator manages the entire system.

Recommendations

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• For high-risk use cases, consider utilizing Zero Trust Network Access to supplement or replace the outdated VPN for distant users.
• Take inventory of the gear and agreements in order to progressively replace the branch and perimeter hardware on-site over a few years in favour of delivering SASE functionalities via the cloud.
• Simplify and cut expenses by grouping suppliers when VPN, CASB, and encrypted web portal agreements are up for renewal. Profit from a market that has come together and integrated these security edge services.
• Limit SASE products to a couple of partnering companies.
• Irrespective of location, integrate Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) and methods of authorization (such as MFA) for every client, including those in the workplace or branch.
• To meet security and regulatory requirements, select SASE products that provide you control over where inspection takes place, how traffic is directed, what is recorded, and where records are kept.

Conclusion

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The development of cloud technology, the rise of offsite and hybrid workplaces, and the increased challenges in communication and privacy following the pandemic highlight the necessity for a comprehensive and integrated strategy. By adopting SASE (Secure Access Service Edge), a cloud-centric framework that enables secure connectivity across diverse environments, businesses can enhance cybersecurity, streamline operations, and adapt to the evolving needs of modern workplaces. This approach ultimately contributes to a safer and more efficient future for information architecture.

References

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• https://www.dsci.in/files/content/knowledge-centre/2023/DSCI-Fortinet%20POV%20Paper.pdf
• https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/cloud/cloud-trends-and-cybersecurity-challenges-navigating-future
• https://banagevikas.medium.com/cybersecurity-trends-2024-navigating-the-future-10383ec10efe

Authors:

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Soumya Gangele (Intern - Tech & Policy), CyberPeace

Neeraj Soni (Sr. Researcher), CyberPeace

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